Themes that have emerged from the discussion on Twitter include the types of food labeling, food industry, healthy vs. A total of 4,073 tweets were posted, mostly from the UK, Spain, and France. Automatic sentiment analysis was performed with QSR Nvivo, and network analysis was performed with Gephi 0.9.2.
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The content was coded with the QRS Nvivo software package and analyzed thematically. Tweet search and data collection were performed using the Twitter application programming interface (API), with no time or language restrictions. Our research work aims to understand the public discourse on FOPL in the EU via Twitter, by analyzing tweet content, sentiment, and mapping network characteristics. The EC will adopt the proposal by the end of 2022. The European Commission (EC) expressed the need for a harmonized and mandatory front-of-pack nutrition labeling (FOPL) system at the EU level. In recent years, concerted political efforts have been made at the national and European Union (EU) level to promote the consumption of healthy foods. Opinion widely spread on Twitter creates public opinion regarding the Black Lives Matter movement.
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The actors play a role in spreading diverse opinions regarding Black Lives Matter, thus creating free discussion in several clusters on Twitter. # BlackLivesMatter has a low diameter value so that it spreads quickly but not too widely, not much reciprocity occurs, not concentrated in one dominant cluster but spread widely in several clusters. The results show that the actor with the highest degree of centrality is with 238 interactions, the actor with the highest betweenness centrality is with a value of 0.000049, the actor with the highest eigenvector centrality is with a value of 1 and there are 1,416 actors who have closeness centrality. The study used quantitative methods and a positivistic paradigm with a Social Network Analysis (SNA) approach. Researchers conducted a study to determine the distribution of #BlackLivesMatter at the actor level for the period 20-27 April 2021 in Twitter. The actors create communication network which connected to each other to form opinions about the Black Lives Matter movement. The hashtag was spread by actors who have great influences on Twitter users. #BlackLivesMatter accompanies several cases of discrimination against the black community.
The final set of public perception and perception management issues investigated using content analysis on Twitter and an online survey has provided insight into people's sensitivity to the current topics highlighted. Ultimately, the public's perceptions of the Proclamation of Emergency and the government's management of the matter, which is related to the COVID-19 outbreaks, were revealed in this study. Then, 55.3 percent of respondents disagree that the government has managed the negative effects of the national and personal economies properly, and 48.4 percent disagree that the government should extend the emergency beyond August 1, 2021, which would jeopardise Malaysia's economic resilience. The findings revealed that 48.2 percent of respondents are dissatisfied with the government's handling of the pandemic outbreak, while 40.2 percent are currently satisfied.
Following that, 702 people took part in an online survey released through Google Forms. As a result of this research, it was determined that the government used two techniques to influence public perception on the concerns discussed, i.e., Denial and Destruction.
Meanwhile, the government's perception management was identified using the Four Canonical Information Warfare Strategies as a guide. As a result, three major topics have been identified in this research-i) public perceived the emergency as a political move ii) public perception towards the King and iii) public perception on economic situation. The content was analysed using hashtags such as #Darurat, #KerajaanGagal, and #Kitajagakita to gain insight into the concerns that were addressed among Twitter users.
To evaluate public perceptions and perception management in the aforementioned conditions, this study used social media content analysis and an online survey. The study reported in this paper attempted to understand public perceptions and perception management toward tweets posted on Twitter and through the online survey with general society, that could be related to the emergency and the COVID-19 pandemic, which could affect government administration in dealing with social, political, and economic situations. Citizens and political opponents both reacted negatively to the rumours. As a result, rumours of Proclamations of Emergency to prevent the rapid spread of COVID-19 cases emerged in October 2020, which the public viewed as an attempt to maintain the ruling party's authority. Malaysia's ruling regime has a lengthy history of manipulating security issues to achieve political goals, as seen by its proclamations.